Magnus geoss



`(No Model.) v

M. GROSS.

RETORT FOR MAKING GAS.

Paiented May 8, 1.883.

5S. UWE- lllllll/l/Mll /l/l INVENTOR WITNBSSES ATTORNEYS.

N, PEYERs PnoiLm-wgnpnef. washington. D4 C,

'2 is sectional plan view of the same, taken is divided practically intothree chambers in PATENT Erice'.

MAGNUS GROSS, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

RETORT FOR MAKING GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 277,270, dated May e,ieee,

Application filed February 23, 1883. (No model.)

lo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAGNUS GROSS, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Retorts forMakingGas, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which` similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of my improved retort and a partof the bench. Fig.

through the broken line or x, Fig. 1. Fig. Sis a sectional end elevationof the same, taken' through the line i/ y, Fig. 2.

The object of this invention is to furnish, for the purpose of makingilluminating or fuel gas from crude oil,naphtha,or other liquidhydrocarbons and superheated steam, an improved retort, by the aid ofwhich disassociation and readjustment of the constituents ot' any liquidhydrocarbons and steam can be accomplished simultaneously and in thenascent state, and a gas for lighting and heating will be produced offrom eighteen to thirty-six candle-power, and so thoroughly fixed thatitwill emit neither smell norsmoke while being burned, and which willrequire no other purification but condensation, and in which thepercentage of carbonio oxide is completelynnder the control of theoperator, and the formation of carbonio acid and any explosive-gasmixtures are rendered impossible, for the reason that the access ofatmospheric air is wholly prevented.

The retortAis made open at both ends, and

the manner hereinafter described.

The central part of the retort A, for about three-lifths of its length,is exposed to the full heat of the furnace B, and is kept in a state ofhigh incandescence, and is filled with any oonvenieut highly-porousmaterial. To the eenter of the upper part ofthe retortA is secured apiece of chamotte, which projects downward several inches and serves asa tlange or bridge to deiiect in a downward direction all gases orvapors that strike against it, and which may be replaced by a diaphragmhaving a lcentrai opening, if desired.

or three months.

iron plate, D, in the center of which is formed a circular aperture, D',about four inches in diameter, through which as an outlet all the` gasesmust pass before they can enter the standpipe E, attached to themonth-piece F in the ordinary manner.

To the plateD may be attached a basket, G,made of strong iron bars,wherein to embed the. porous material in case it should be desired touse a combustible substanceas coke,for instanceneeding renewal every twoIt' the porous material used be incombustible the retort need never beopened or the operation of gas-making interrupted except for the purposeof repairing cracks.

The basket G is centered in the retort A by diaphragms O, of chamotteorother suitable material, which have openings formed through them toreceive and tit upon the said basket. The forward diaphragm, O, servesas a stop for the plate D to rest against, and also as a. cover to thejoint between the said plate D and the retort A. The rear diaphragmserves also as a lian ge to deliect the steam and vapor intotheincandescent material whether a basket be used or not. The lower sideof theforward end of the basket G is rounded or beveled for convenienceiu inserting it in the retort, and to the upper part of the retort isattached a downwardly-projecting flange, P, in such a position as toserve as a stop for the basket G, and as a deiiector to canse the gasesand vapor to enter and pass through the incandescent porous material.

It' fuel-gas is to be made in ahy one of the retorts to serve as afeeder for the bench or boiler furnace or other purpose, the connectionwith the stand-pipe E is interrupted by closing the valve H placed inthe said pipe, and the gas is led to the furnace or other place throughthe pipes I J, attached to the bottom and side of the mouth-piece F. Ifthe fuelgas is to go to a holder, it is allowed to pass outthrough thepipe K, connecting with and projecting horizontally from the stand-pipeE. The pipes I J K are provided with valves L pipes R S are providedwith valves V WV, so

that the amount of oil and steam delivered to the retort can beregulated as desired. The inner end ofl the oil-pipe R is curveddownward, so that the oil or naphtha will drop upon hot perforatedplates T, made with upwardly-projectin g rims, and supported, by rods Uor other suitable means, in the middle rear part ofthe retort A.

The steam-pipe S enters beneaththcperforated plates T, and its inner endis bent to one side, so that the entering` steam will strike the side ofthe mouth-piece Q, or of the rear end ofthe retort A, and will be thrownback and made to commingle with the vapor of the oil or naphtha formedby the contact of the said oil or naphtha with the hot perforated platesT and with the still hotter steam. The mouthpiece Q is thickly coatedwith a non-conducting cement to preventloss of heat from radiation andthe cooling effect of theoutside air. Thoroughly superheated steam andthe vapor of oil or naphtha intimately mixed in proper proportions aredrawn by the action of a steam jet or exhauster placed between thehydraulic and condenser through the length of the retort, which becomesgradually hotter toward its center. The retort is constantly lled withan atmosphere of incandescent carbon, which causes the readydecomposition of the steam into its elements, and the combination ofthesaid elements in the nascent state with the highly-heatedvapors oftheliq uid hydrocarbon into a compound of fixed combustible gases,consisting mainly of heavy hydrocarbons of the ethylene series, theilluminators proper oflight carbureted hydrogen of the methylene seriesof pure hydrogen, carbonio oxide, and a certain percentage of the vaporsof tar, no nitrogen, carbonio acid, ammoniacal or sulphurous compounds,or anyother impurities being present or formed to pass out of theretort. The porous material inthe heated part of the retort, thebridge-like projection in the center, and the contracted outlet in themiddle of the front plate, D, prevent any of the vapors or gases fromleaving the retort before having come in contact with and passingthrough the incandescent porous material, and thus becoming thoroughlyfixed, except such particles 'of tar as remain suspended in the hot gastill the latter reaches the condenser and the tar drops out of thecooled gas, which, without any further treatment of any kind or manner,is now lit for use.

To insure permanency and uniformity in the operation of gas-making bythe use of my improved retort, the said retort should be placed in thebench described in Letters Patent No. 206,724, issued to me August6,1878.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patentl. A retort for gas-making made, substantiallyasherein shown and described,with plates to distribute the oil ornaphtha, a downwardlyprojecting flan ge for deflectin g the gases andvapors downward, a porous material, and a front plate having centralaperture, whereby all the gases and vapors will be made to pass throughthe porous material before reaching the front of the retort, as setforth. p

2. Inv a retort for gas-making, the combination, with the retort A, theoil-pipe R, and the steam-pipe S, of the perforated plates T,substantially asherein shown and described,where by the oil or naphthais distributed and made to thoroughly com mingle with the superheatedsteam, as set forth.

MAGNUS GROSS.

Witnesses:

JAMES T. GRAHAM, C. SEDGWICK.

